在家验证库仑定律的困难
问题概述
当前缺乏简便、低成本的实验方法来直接验证库仑定律的指数与常数；爱因斯坦式的验证需要精密的扭摆装置，普通爱好者难以复现；对电荷的定义与测量仍存在概念混淆。
痛点标签
- 缺乏简单的实验装置来验证库仑定律的指数
- 需要精密的扭摆设备，成本高
- 对电荷的定义与测量概念混淆
待验证问题
- 是否可以使用低成本的电磁装置在家中实现对库仑定律的直接验证？
- 电荷的大小是否能通过与参考电荷的力进行标准化测量？
证据
原话 · @匿名
But it's not at all obvious to me why the exponent a is 1 in naturei think we can rule out any exponent just by dimensional analysis if you allow powers of q, then K has ambiguous units. Same reason you cant exponentiate unitful quantitiesMore specifically I think we can rule out even exponents by anti-symmetry of charge. That is q^2n = (-q)^2n which know is ruled out by experiment.
原话 · @匿名
It's probably easier to verify Gauss's Law, which then gives you Coulomb's law for free.Direct verification of inverse square laws is hard! For electromagnetic interactions (ie Coulomb's law) you can use scattering. If you want to do a static experiment (Coulomb's Law the hard way or gravity) you probably need a torsion pendulum experiment. AFAIK the best in the world at that are at UW in the Eöt-Wash group: https://www.npl.washington.edu/eotwash/torsion-balances
原话 · @匿名
Could you use an electromagnet and a metal ball to create a fixed charge? If you change the current in the electromagnet, that would change the intensity of the magnetic field. With the metal ball fixed in place nearby and a careful curve for the change of current, you could potentially have a constant charge remaining on the ball.
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